Furnaces for heating cabins
If the change house has a sufficient area and requires long-term use, then installing a wood stove will be a good option. Hiring a craftsman and purchasing materials is not cheap, but in the long run the stove will pay for itself thanks to cheap firewood and good efficiency.
The disadvantage of a stationary stove is the inability to remove it after the end of the heating season.
Heating the cabin with electricity
Heating a cabin with electricity in winter breaks records of popularity. If you have access to electricity, then this method is easy to install, safe when used according to the instructions, and has a huge number of types of stoves and heaters. Many models have the ability to adjust the temperature.
Electric heating of the cabin is carried out using:
- mobile oil batteries (radiators);
- electric fireplaces (stoves) with imitation of live fire;
- convectors, which heat the room using air flow;
- film or infrared heaters.
The first and second options are not very good for heating a container, because such stoves and radiators heat up the space around them more. The far corners of the trailer will be cold, especially if the area is large. And the heating is slow. Considering that working outbuildings at the dacha are not used constantly and do not require round-the-clock temperature control, this will reduce comfort.
A convector that blows warm air into a room copes better with hard-to-reach places, but for uniform heating it is better to purchase several of these devices.
Film and infrared devices are compact, heat evenly, and are used for additional heating. Infrared heaters also do not dry out the air, which significantly increases the comfort of being in the trailer.
You can heat the room using an air conditioner. It must have a heating function, but even in this case it cannot heat in the same way as a stove. The difference between the temperature inside and outside the room should not be more than 10 degrees.
Disadvantages of electric heaters:
- Expensive. Electricity is not that cheap.
- Access to electricity. Not all cabins are equipped with this feature.
- Infrared devices do not heat the air itself, but the surfaces in the room, and then the objects give off heat. This is not always rational; there are few things in the room, and heating only the walls does not provide adequate heat.
But the devices do not require any additional purchase of fuel or particularly complex installation. They are safe, easy to use - you just need to plug them into the network.
Ceiling insulation
A significant part of the warm air rising upward is lost through the ceiling, so its insulation is a necessary step.
- A waterproofing material is laid on the outside to protect the roof sheathing.
- Thermal insulation slabs are laid in the spaces between the beams and secured using thermal insulating adhesive or polyurethane foam.
- Penofol is laid.
- A lining or sheet decorative material is attached.
To avoid heat loss through the windows of a trailer insulated for the winter, there are two options to choose from:
- Install a third glass into the frame of a regular wooden window with two glasses;
- Replace standard windows with efficient metal-plastic double-glazed windows.
Heating with solid fuel
The so-called potbelly stove runs on wood or coal.
Due to emissions of combustion products, a chimney is required! This is the basic requirement. It is important to monitor safety - the stove is installed at a distance from the wall (at least 30 cm), the proximity of sleeping places is excluded, the stove should not interfere with the movement of people.
But the potbelly stove also has undeniable advantages. Cheap fuel allows you to use the device for a long time. Firewood is prepared for a long period of time.
If the stove runs on coal, it saves space; the fuel will take up less space.
This is the second most popular method after electric heaters.
Heating the cabin with gas
Gas is popular due to its efficiency (a cylinder is purchased once and refilled as needed), availability, a large number of models of heating devices and safety with proper use. In modern models, gas does not burn. Heating occurs due to fuel oxidation.
In winter, propane is used, but butane is also acceptable if the winter is warm (plus temperature) or the container is used only as a work space.
The body of the gas heater heats up slightly, which makes the device safe. It is necessary to have a thermostat and protection against fuel leakage.
Heating in a change house
A heat shield must be installed around the stove.
How to heat the cabin, other than a stove? Today there are many models on sale, the leader of which remains the Buleryan pyrolysis oven. It is very economical, as it works on the principle of afterburning pyrolysis gases. It quickly warms up the air due to convection pipes and practically does not burn oxygen; one load is enough for 6 hours.
If electricity is supplied to the cabin, then the best option would be a heat fan with a ceramic heating element. Both devices allow you to quickly warm up. The disadvantage is the same rapid cooling. At the same time, to install the heater, you do not need to prepare a place, unlike a stove.
The installation of the furnace must be carried out according to certain rules:
- a metal plate is placed on the floor with a minimum distance of 30 cm in front of the firebox door;
- there should be at least half a meter to the walls;
- heat shields need to be installed on the walls;
- a chimney pipe is required.
By the way, the chimney is one of the most important elements. The use of penoizol is much faster than insulating a cabin with polystyrene foam. You can see this in the video below.
Construction trailers are temporary mobile housing that has become popular on construction sites for geological or oil and gas work. These cabins solve many problems, the main one of which is the accommodation of workers at remote work sites on a rotational basis. The functions of wagons during modular construction are varied, because the change house also serves as a home; it can be converted into a workshop, laboratory, storage space for a diesel generator, or turned into a moving office or foreman’s room.
The production of trailers is carried out taking into account the requirements for the premises, which can accommodate from 1 to 8 people. The advantage of these structures is that they are completely ready for use after shipment from the manufacturer’s factory. The cabin is equipped with ventilation systems, heating (water or oil radiators or electric heaters), electricity, security or fire alarm systems. The metal frame makes the construction of the trailer more reliable than a wooden building. But in an insufficiently insulated carriage it can be quite cold in severe weather conditions.
Preparing for insulation
If the trailer was not initially insulated, then in the cold weather it will have to be done. Without proper thermal insulation, any heating methods will be unnecessarily expensive. It will be needed for both wood and metal change houses. All surfaces (floor, walls, ceiling) are insulated; the ceiling and walls are sheathed either inside or outside.
Options for thermal insulation materials:
- Styrofoam;
- cotton insulator;
- mineral wool;
- polyurethane foam.
The first step is to select and purchase the material. The calculation of the area takes into account whether the room is sheathed outside or inside. When upholstering, space is eaten up inside, but you don’t have to worry about the impact of the environment on the material and appearance.
Polystyrene foam does not burn, does not allow moisture to pass through, and is light in weight. But it is destroyed by chemicals and does not tolerate the sun. Therefore, it will have to be plastered. It also does not bend, the rounded parts will not be protected.
Cotton insulation is environmentally friendly, easy to install, but difficult to cut.
Mineral wool is durable and soft, not flammable. It is easy to upholster due to its texture. When working with cotton wool, take precautions: protect the skin from the smallest fragments of the material, breathe through a respirator. The price is noticeably higher than polystyrene foam, but cheaper than cotton insulation.
Polyurethane foam is a synthetic material, relatively flammable and toxic, susceptible to destruction, but very easy to install. This compensates for its high cost. Toxic substances evaporate from it in a few days.
Thermal insulation is placed in a wooden or metal frame. The cleaned surface is treated with an antiseptic. Then a frame is made with cells 50x50 cm. The material is placed in them. For the work you will need screws, nails, a hammer, wood mastic, a stapler, and a vapor barrier.
When laying thermal insulation on the roof, the slate is removed.
Insulation materials
A change house without insulation will not perform all the functions and tasks for which it is intended. Therefore, you should carefully consider and select the insulation technology, as well as select a suitable insulator.
The modern market provides a variety of thermal insulation materials. Let's look at the most common ones in detail.
This type of heat insulator is mainly used to insulate the walls of outbuildings. Foam insulation is beneficial when finishing wooden cabins. The material is resistant to moisture, simple and easy to install. Foam insulation has disadvantages: short service life and large volume for good insulation, and with low-quality products - significant heat loss. Several layers of polystyrene foam will reduce the area of the room, and improper use of the structure will lead to a fire.
Mineral wool and fiberglass
The advantages of the materials are fire safety and excellent thermal insulation characteristics, subject to all the requirements of the technological process. If you install several layers of heat insulation, the acoustic properties of the rooms will increase. Disadvantages - the components are harmful to health.
Such fibers are produced through careful processing of basalt rocks. On the construction market, a common form of material is slabs, which can be easily cut to size and laid. The heat insulator is completely resistant to fire and does not undergo deformation processes for a long time. The easy-to-use material will not take up much free space, so the area of the shed will remain almost the same. The disadvantage is the many seams that remain after installing thermal insulation.
This thermal insulation material is the most common and effective for insulating commercial buildings. There are 2 types: liquid and hard. Experts recommend using the second option to increase the heat capacity of the building’s exterior. It is excellent for strengthening roofing systems and exterior walls. Using the unique structure of polyurethane foam, it is possible to mask possible defects in the roofing system and increase the temperature in the structure.
Polyurethane foam is sometimes used in another way - by spraying it onto indoor cladding. It fills all the places where cold air penetrates, thereby providing maximum thermal insulation.
Advantages
:
- high level of heat resistance;
- the material quickly becomes hard, which instantly stops heat loss;
- laid flat, without seams or fasteners;
- does not contain chemicals, is safe for health;
- protects the coating from mechanical and other influences;
- service life - from 30 years with proper use.
To carry out proper insulation, you need to know detailed technology and act in strict accordance with all stages of the thermal insulation process.
How to insulate and how to heat construction trailers
A metal trailer requires a thick layer of insulation, because it was not originally intended for use in the winter months. A minimum of 50 mm of good insulation will provide not only heat but also sound insulation.
You can also use insulation such as penoizol - with proper experience, it will provide excellent insulating properties. This is a liquid mixture that fills the walls of the trailer. It hardens quickly in the air; there is no need to make a wooden frame. But mineral wool is also good.
If electricity is available, then the heating issue is considered resolved - buy a heat gun, wall heater or stove. If there is no electricity, but there is a sufficiently powerful exhaust hood or ventilation, then gas or diesel heating will do. In terms of economy, multi-fuel devices attract attention.
