How many degrees should there be in an apartment, office and entrance?
The temperature in apartments should be no less than 18–20 degrees Celsius, in offices - no lower than 20, and in school classrooms - no less than 18. In the premises of kindergarten groups, thermometers should not fall below 22 degrees, in bedrooms - below 19 degrees . There are also rules for entrances. During the heating season it should not be below 16 degrees.
Measurements will be more accurate if you follow a number of simple rules. First of all, you should close all windows and doors, and keep the thermometer a meter from the floor in the center of the room. You should also make sure that you are at least half a meter from the battery and the outer wall.
Heat supply standards
The text of GOST indicates the standards and permissible deviations from it when supplying heat to different types of premises.
It is necessary to measure the background temperature not only in living rooms. In a restroom located separate from the bathroom, the thermometer should not show less than 18 degrees Celsius. On the landing the temperature should not be much lower than 16 degrees Celsius
Throughout the entire season, when heating is supplied, heat must be supplied to consumers uninterruptedly.
Government Decree No. 354 establishes the following possible interruptions in the supply of heating to residential buildings:
- The decrease in temperature cannot exceed a total of 24 hours per month.
- Reducing the room temperature to 8 -10 degrees should not exceed 4 hours (at a time).
- Reducing the room temperature to 10 -12 degrees should not exceed 8 hours (at a time).
- Reducing the room temperature to 13 -16 degrees should not exceed 12 hours (at a time).
If the service provider does not comply with these standards, he is financially liable to consumers. For each hour of delay beyond the permissible period specified in the resolution, the service fee is reduced by 0.15%.
If multiple violations occur, the supplier may face administrative or criminal liability, depending on the severity of the consequences. You can read more about the parameters of a comfortable microclimate in residential premises in this article.
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Temperature standards in the apartment
Temperature in the corner room
Temperature standards in the bedroom
Temperature for water procedures
Where can I complain about heating in apartments?
If the heating is poor, the radiators in the apartment heat poorly, and the entrance is so cool that steam comes out of your mouth, you should contact the dispatch service of your area or the management company. Specialists must check and repair communications on the same day.
If the problem could not be solved or your call went unanswered, then you can report the poor performance of the heating systems to the Moscow Department of Housing and Communal Services. Operators of the Department's unified dispatch service accept requests for accidents, complaints and comments regarding the operation of heating systems around the clock by phone: +. In addition, Muscovites can use the department’s electronic reception desk.
Another option is to call MOEK. Messages about problems with heating in the apartment, accidents, steam release and other problems in the heating and water supply system are accepted around the clock by phone: +.
You can express dissatisfaction with the work of the management company through the electronic reception of the Moscow Housing Inspectorate or personally to the head of the territorial unit. In a written statement, you must briefly describe the essence of the issue and attach copies of appeals to the management company and other authorities.
You can also file a complaint using the Moscow State Services mobile application or on the Our City in the Apartment Buildings section. In the latter case, the answer will come within eight days.
Making a complaint about heating in a Moscow apartment
If the heat supply to the apartment is cut off, this is an emergency. A commission is convened, which includes: the owner of the property, the director of the management organization and, necessarily, a representative of the local administration.
If the invited officials do not come to the address (notification is sent in advance), then the violation report is signed by the remaining residents of the apartment building or the owners of apartments in nearby buildings. Documents are transferred first of all to the administrative authority or housing and communal services.
Application to the Criminal Code
In addition to the application, you need to attach a violation report drawn up in the presence of neighbors, the director of housing and communal services and an employee of the local municipality.
How to get a recalculation?
In case of constant interruptions in heat in apartments or on the landing, residents have the right to demand a recalculation. The cost of services should be reduced by 0.15 percent for each hour the permissible duration of a heating interruption is exceeded. The duration of emergency heating shutdowns during the cold season should not exceed 24 hours per month. A permissible one-time break at a temperature in the apartment from 12 to 18 degrees cannot last longer than 16 hours, at a temperature of 10–12 degrees - eight hours, and if the temperature in the apartment is 8-10 degrees, then four hours.
To record temperature deviations, you need to call the unified dispatch service of the Department of Housing and Communal Services. An employee of the management company will take measurements and draw up a report based on the results of the inspection.
The document must be submitted to or directly to the management company (if it independently makes calculations and accruals).
Heating payments are calculated based on the average monthly volumes of thermal energy consumption for the previous year. That is, accruals for the current year occur monthly in equal shares in the amount of one twelfth of the cost of the service consumed during the previous year. The heating fee is adjusted once a year. Volume reconciliation takes place in February of the year following the calculation year. Based on the results of this work, the amount of payments for the current year is adjusted in the first quarter.
Rospotrebnadzor and the prosecutor's office
Since this organization, Rospotrebnadzor, is engaged in protecting consumer rights, citizens have every right to turn to it even if the quality of public services is low. You should also submit an application only after contacting the Management Company:
- Along with the application, correspondence with the management company, with the Department, and their responses to the request regarding cold batteries in the apartment or in the apartment building as a whole is submitted. Heating equipment and temperature inspection reports will also be needed.
- An application to Rospotrebnadzor or the prosecutor's office should be drawn up correctly, in business language, accurately indicating information about the object, the owner, and the period of lack of heat.
How to reduce heating bills?
In some new buildings in the capital, heating radiators are already equipped with individual meters. By adjusting the temperature, residents can reduce their heating bills.
This technique can be used everywhere. But the whole house needs to switch to heating using individual metering devices at the same time. The decision must be made at a general meeting of owners. If you installed meters without the consent of your neighbors, then you will not be able to transfer the readings to the management company. Even with the radiator turned off, the heat in the apartment will remain thanks to the heating risers. But the whole house will have to pay for it.
It is beneficial for owners to install individual meters only with a modern horizontal heating system, when the risers are located in the entrance, and two pipes are supplied to the apartments - direct and return. With vertical wiring, several heating risers are installed in the apartment at once. In this case, meters will have to be installed on each pipe, which will reduce all savings to nothing.
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Responsibility
In the housing and communal services sector, there are heat supply organizations that are responsible for supplying heat to apartments in apartment buildings and maintaining the temperature in accordance with sanitary and hygienic standards. They receive appropriate payment for their services.
When purchasing an apartment, the owner signs an agreement through the management company with such a heat supply organization, in which both parties assert their rights and obligations.
It is the responsibility of the consumer to pay for the heat received in a timely manner and in full. But the service provider must also monitor the uninterrupted supply of heat to homes. The heat supply is turned on and off at certain times. The beginning and end of the heating season is determined by local authorities depending on the climatic characteristics of the region.
But when making its decision, the municipality must also be based on the norms of the Government of the Russian Federation, number 354.
IMPORTANT! If the supplier has violated his obligations, the heating in the apartment is weak or completely cold, you need to notify the supplier and get him to fulfill his obligations.
You cannot remain indifferent to such circumstances and wait until the problem resolves itself. The heat supply organization may not be aware of heating problems in a particular house or apartment.
How to avoid paying for excess heat?
It is more profitable to install an automated heating system control unit in your home. Such equipment itself monitors the temperature outside and, depending on it, selects the mode of supplying heat to the apartments. In this case, residents do not face a situation where it is already relatively warm outside, but the radiators are hot and the room is so hot that they have to open the windows.
The decision to install smart equipment can only be made by a meeting of apartment owners. They also choose the brand of equipment, installation time and cost of subsequent maintenance.
Is it worth paying for heat that didn’t actually exist?
If there has been no heating for a long time, the residents of the house are not required to pay for it.
But where to go if there is no heating to recalculate the amount of payment for services?
Of course, to the utility service. She will recalculate for all the times when there was no heating in the apartment. But it should be noted that utility companies will not reduce debt on their own initiative. Therefore, the initiative regarding recalculation should come from the apartment residents.
To do this, you should send a written application to the home maintenance organization. Such a document is drawn up similarly to a complaint. The only thing is that at the end another requirement should be stated, which concerns the recalculation of the amount of payment for the heating provided.
Regulatory acts on heat supply of apartment buildings
While a specialist is on the way, you can find out the reason yourself. For measurements you will need a regular room thermometer. The measurement error will be high, but it is only necessary to determine the approximate temperature difference in the rooms. If the temperature is below normal, then you need to understand the reasons and understand how to get rid of the problem.
To determine the approximate temperature values, you need to put your hand on the riser and the register, which is located in the next room. This method is suitable for private homes. If a heating problem occurs in a building with many apartments, then it is necessary to interview the closest neighbors.
If the riser is hot and the heating devices are not warm, most likely air has entered the system. In this case, the problem will be solved within a few hours. In addition to gas contamination, the cause may be imbalance in the system or failure of the radiator. If neighbors do not have similar problems, then the reason is in the condition of the pipes and appliances in the apartment.
If the temperature values are the same, this indicates problems with the supply of thermal energy throughout the house. In this case, you need to check with your neighbors if they have similar problems. Most often, equal temperature readings confirm the presence of problems in general communications.
No later than two hours after calling the dispatch service, a specialist should arrive. In addition to identifying a malfunction in the heat supply system, he is obliged to take readings and record in writing the lack of heating supply.
His responsibilities include drawing up the act. This document is drawn up in two identical copies, one for the owner.
According to the law, the management company is responsible for the common property of the house, to which heating registers and interior pipes do not apply. The owner of the apartment is responsible for their condition. In this case, you will have to carry out repairs at your own expense.
The text of GOST indicates the standards and permissible deviations from it when supplying heat to different types of premises.
It is necessary to measure the background temperature not only in living rooms. In a restroom located separate from the bathroom, the thermometer should not show less than 18 degrees Celsius. On the landing the temperature should not be much lower than 16 degrees Celsius
Throughout the entire season, when heating is supplied, heat must be supplied to consumers uninterruptedly.
Government Decree No. 354 establishes the following possible interruptions in the supply of heating to residential buildings:
- The decrease in temperature cannot exceed a total of 24 hours per month.
- Reducing the room temperature to 8 -10 degrees should not exceed 4 hours (at a time).
- Reducing the room temperature to 10 -12 degrees should not exceed 8 hours (at a time).
- Reducing the room temperature to 13 -16 degrees should not exceed 12 hours (at a time).
If the service provider does not comply with these standards, he is financially liable to consumers. For each hour of delay beyond the permissible period specified in the resolution, the service fee is reduced by 0.15%.
If multiple violations occur, the supplier may face administrative or criminal liability, depending on the severity of the consequences. You can read more about the parameters of a comfortable microclimate in residential premises in this article.
What should be the temperature in the apartment?
The air temperature in residential premises during the cold season must not be lower than certain values. In accordance with the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 6, 2011 No. 354 “On the provision of utility services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings”, the air temperature in residential premises should not be lower than +18 degrees, and in corner rooms - not below +20 degrees.
Heating requirements are also specified in SanPiN 2.1.2.2645-10 “Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for living conditions in residential buildings and premises.” It states that heating systems must ensure uniform heating of indoor air throughout the entire heating period.
Question answer
What is the most economical way to heat an apartment if the central heating is turned off?
