Normal temperature in an apartment during the heating season in 2021-2022

Home/Heating Rules/Normal temperature in an apartment during the heating season in 2021-2022

In our country, many citizens reproach the organizations responsible for providing public services, as well as for regulating heat supply tariffs. This is due to the constant rise in prices, which is reflected in the receipts that owners receive monthly. Sadly, growth is not accompanied by an increase in the quality of services, and often, on the contrary, has the opposite trend. Considering the current situation, it is surprising that a person, paying huge bills, is faced with negligence on the part of house management authorities.

Normative base

The regulatory legal framework that specifies the issue of temperature standards in apartments during the heating season in 2021-2022 includes GOST and SanPiN.

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Attention

GOST R 51617-2000 establishes temperature parameters that must be observed in the autumn-spring period of the year. In accordance with GOST, living areas must be heated to at least +18°C. In the bathroom the temperature regime is slightly different - +25°C.

Lower requirements apply to the common property of homeowners (corridors and staircases)—+16°C.

SanPiN 2.1.2.2645-10 also sets standards for heating. The parameters are specified in the appendix to the designated standard.

What factors influence the temperature in an apartment?

The discrepancy between real air temperature indicators and those determined by sanitary standards is often explained by the influence of third-party factors. In particular, large gaps in the windows make the apartment colder in winter.

Climatic conditions

The temperature regime directly depends on the region of residence of a person. The cold in the apartment is sometimes caused by an increase in the level of humidity outside caused by heavy rainfall.

Seasons

The heating season in Russia lasts from October to April. At the same time, both in autumn and in spring, the air warms up unevenly. That is, a situation is possible when the apartment cools down during the night, but the heating is not yet turned on or has already been turned off.

Technical features of housing

The comfort of the temperature regime is determined by the following factors:

• dimensions of internal premises;
• ceiling height;
• availability, quantity and type of furniture;
• the location of the apartment in relation to other rooms in the house.

The comfort of the apartment is increased by the presence of heat-insulating materials on the external walls.

Human factor

Each person perceives environmental temperature differently. For some people, conditions will be comfortable at +18, for others - at +25. Children in the first year of life and the elderly are more sensitive to temperature changes.

Temperature in the apartment during the heating season according to SanPin in 2021-2022

Comfort is an individual concept. Some residents prefer cool, while others prefer heat. However, GOST designates the temperature at which normal conditions for life, good health and sanitary safety at home are ensured.

In accordance with the standards, the minimum permissible temperature in the premises is +18°C, and the maximum is +25°C . The purpose of the room is important. Premises and auxiliary structures in which a person spends less than an hour in total can heat up to only 14-16°C (staircases, interior spaces, wardrobe).

Air temperature standards in the apartment

The feeling of comfort from heating a room is subjective. However, there are uniform standards determined by the physiological needs of a person, as well as the purpose of the premises in which he resides.

Although there is a fairly wide range of standards that prescribe what the temperature of the water in the heating system of an apartment building should be, the standards for the thermal conditions of the air in the apartment are very unambiguous.

So, in accordance with the standards, during the heating season the following temperature regime must be maintained in the apartment:

• in the living room - 18 °C;
• in a living corner room - 20 °C;
• in the bathroom - 25 ° C;
• in the toilet (separated from the bathroom) - 18 ° C;
• in a shared bathroom - 25 °C;
• in the kitchen - 18 °C.

Heating season dates

The supply of heat to apartments depends on what heating system is used by the owner of the premises. Thus, in the case of an autonomous system, the period depends on the wishes of the residents themselves, and in a centralized system, on the decision of the compulsory health insurance, depending on the weather conditions established over a certain period of time.

To start centralized heat supply in 2021-2022, it is necessary to maintain the average daily outdoor temperature to 7°C for 5 days. The heating is turned off if the specified conditions are not met.

Normal indoor air humidity

The level of air humidity in a residential area is regulated by section GOST 30494-96, the indicator is indicated as a percentage. There are two main values: optimal and acceptable. Optimal is the creation of an ideal microclimate for humans. Acceptable - departing from the ideal, but not harmful to health.

Strict standards are provided only for bedrooms, living rooms, children's rooms, where a person works and rests.

• The optimal value of relative air humidity is 30-45%:
• The permissible level of air humidity in the above residential premises is up to 60%.

For utility rooms (bathrooms, corridors, hallways, kitchens), the humidity level is not standardized.

Important! The level of air humidity in an apartment in winter and summer is identical.

How to correctly measure the temperature in an apartment during the heating season?

In order to measure the temperature in a room, you must follow certain rules, including the need to carry out preparatory procedures:

The temperature is measured in several rooms at once. Of course, in the case of a one-room apartment, this rule does not apply.

Attention

Temperatures below 18°C ​​indicate the need to call emergency services.

It is important to remember that official measurements will be made only if the citizen himself addresses issues not related to repair or preventative work on heating networks. After the measurement, specialists formulate a report.

The equipment by which measurements are taken must have complete technical documentation. It contains the technical characteristics of the device, as well as a certificate that it has passed mandatory verification. Equipment requirements are explained in detail in GOST 30494-2011.

The act contains the following data:

• date of formation;
• housing parameters;
• list of commission members;
• information received by the device;
• temperature;
• visas of commission members.

IMPORTANT
The document is drawn up in two copies. One remains with the specialists, and the second is transferred to the owner of the premises.

Post requirements No. 354 from 05/06/2011

In accordance with Appendix 1 to this resolution, the standard air temperature should be:

• In residential premises: not lower than + 18°C, in corner rooms not lower than +20°C
• In residential premises (in areas with the coldest five-day temperature (probability 0.92) minus 31°C and below): not lower than +20°C, in corner rooms not lower than +22°C)
• in other premises - in accordance with the requirements of the legislation of the Russian Federation on technical regulation (GOST R 51617).

Note: The air temperature in residential premises is measured in a room (if there are several rooms - in the largest living room), in the center of planes spaced from the inner surface of the outer wall and the heating element by 0.5 m and in the center of the room (the intersection point diagonal lines of the room) at a height of 1 m. In this case, measuring instruments must comply with the requirements of the standards (GOST 30494).

Air humidity in the apartment according to GOST and SanPiN standards

How to correctly measure the coolant temperature during the heating season?

Water acts as the coolant in a central heating system. In order to understand what temperature it is, it is enough to use several simple methods. So, the first of them is to measure the temperature of the water circulating in the batteries. To solve the problem, the coolant is poured into a glass, where it is directly measured by a thermometer.

The second method is to measure the temperature on the battery. A simple alcohol device, fixed to the radiator and covered with a material that does not allow heat to pass through, is suitable.

For your information

It is more difficult to take measurements yourself, because professionals use high-precision instruments consisting of a immersion probe and electronic filling. However, this is real, and without significant errors in the readings.

Normal temperature in a corner apartment

Corner apartments have one feature - the area of ​​their external walls is noticeably larger than that in ordinary apartments. This directly affects the room temperature. If we talk about standards, then corner apartments should be heated to an optimal temperature of twenty degrees. The specified temperature is established by the rules for the provision of utilities in apartment buildings, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354. Similar requirements are established by GOST R 51617-2000. According to the standard, the optimal temperature in corner apartments should be 20°C. In addition, GOST refers to the corresponding SNiP. The temperature should not fall below this mark and for this, additional heating radiators are installed in rooms adjacent to the street.

Attention

Additional devices are provided at the design stage and allow maintaining the required temperature in the premises and preventing the formation of mold. It is important to note that rooms located on the first and last floors of buildings are subject to additional temperature loads from the street. So, in the first case, the cold comes from the floor, and in the latter - from the ceiling.

Battery temperature standard

Factors affecting room heating include thermal conductivity, other technical characteristics, as well as the order of installation of batteries. Therefore, compliance with the rules for their installation and use will ensure that the temperature of the heating radiators in the apartment and in the house meets the established standards.

In addition, you should carefully consider determining the number of battery sections depending on the area of ​​the room. For example, a device in which the coolant is heated to an identical temperature will have a different effect on the heat flow with sections 5 and 7 on it.

Minimum value

In order to ensure air heating standards in residential premises, certain temperature conditions of radiators must be observed. However, at the legislative level, the minimum permissible temperature of the battery itself is not established.

It is logical that at low temperatures of heating equipment it is impossible to provide +18-25 °C in housing during the cold season.

If the batteries do not provide the proper level of heating, it is worth starting to look for the cause. Before checking the temperature of the pipes, you should pay attention to the placement of the device and the availability of free access to the battery.

It is quite possible that the only problem is that the radiator is covered with furniture that prevents the circulation of heated air, or is fenced with a special protective panel.

Maximum value

In turn, more attention has been paid to what the upper norm should actually be in winter. Thus, the permissible maximum temperature for a radiator in a residential building is 95 °C if the housing is equipped with a two-pipe heating system.

If the system is single-pipe, the maximum temperature of the battery should not exceed 115°C.

It should be noted that the optimal recommendation is 85-90°C. It is defined for practical purposes. This maximum water temperature in the heating system of an apartment building is associated with water boiling at 100°C. If this figure is exceeded, the radiator fails faster.

When can I file a complaint?

Having carried out personal measurements and made sure that the apartment is cold, the owner must notify the emergency service about this. It does not matter in what form the application will be sent (in writing or by telephone). After registering the resident’s signal, the application is registered and specialists are sent to the address to measure the temperature of the air and coolants.

The visits of housing and communal services representatives are carried out quite quickly. As a rule, this happens no later than half an hour from the moment the call is received by the dispatch service.

IMPORTANT

After drawing up the inspection report, the tenant receives a copy that indicates the presence of violations in the provision of public services to him.

Thanks to this document, the owner of the apartment will be able to defend his rights in a dialogue with the management company, as well as file a complaint with the concerned authorities, including the housing office.

Step-by-step instructions and required documents when filing a complaint

In order to competently draw up a claim, it is necessary to prepare a sample and follow the rules for document flow of such papers. The claim consists of a header, the text of the document itself and the applicant’s visa.

The complaint for non-compliance with the temperature standard in the apartment during the heating season in 2021-2022 includes the following information.

In the header:

• addressee's name;
• applicant details;
• details of the contract for the provision of utility services;
• link to microclimate standards in residential premises;
• information about the measurement results and the report (with the report attached);
• consequences of violations (compensation);
• requirement for the provision of appropriate quality services.

The center of the document indicates its type, that is, the claim.

At the beginning of the text, it usually states the basis on which the company provides heating services and the requirements for their quality. First of all, reference should be made to the resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation.

After this, the violations identified during the measurements and noted in the report are described.

Next, you need to outline your requirements. Firstly, it is necessary to identify the need to eliminate the problem as soon as possible, and secondly, to recalculate the fee for the provision of heat supply services.

IMPORTANT

The document is printed in two copies, which are signed by the owner of the premises and submitted to the housing and communal services authority. One copy remains with the secretary of the organization, and the second copy is marked with the incoming number and date.

complaints for non-compliance with the standard temperature in the apartment during the heating season in 2021-2022 are possible.

Contacting the management company

• If a specialist called from the management company or housing and communal services does not arrive to measure the temperature in the house, the readings are recorded independently in the presence of neighbors.
• The next step is to compare the obtained temperature data with the standards specified in SNiP. Then you should contact the management company again to draw up a written complaint.
• This claim must be in two copies, one remains with the person submitting the application. Documents must have a registration stamp in the Criminal Code.
• If the service authority does not take any action to solve the heating problem, the consumer has the right to act further. You can contact the Prosecutor's Office, attaching previously drawn up claims. The Housing Inspectorate also supervises heat suppliers to residential buildings.

Rospotrebnadzor also provides effective assistance in such situations, indicating violations of the work of management companies or housing and communal services organizations. It has a consumer hotline that's worth calling .

If you discover a lack of heat in a house or apartment with central heating, you need to act decisively. The problem may be related to the batteries in the apartment or to the condition of the heating system throughout the house. The management company is obliged to eliminate the malfunction . At the same time, residents must record violations and measure deviations themselves (if a specialist from the management company does not come to the call).

The actual temperature in residential premises, recorded by accurate and certified instruments, will serve as the basis for recalculating heating payments. If the apartment temperature was below 18 degrees, payment should be reduced by 0.15% for each hour of violation .

Possible outcomes of the complaint

If the housing and communal services organization has not fulfilled the requirements set out in the complaint, then more drastic measures should be taken and written to higher authorities. Thus, a repeated complaint can be sent to:

• Regional Housing Inspectorate;
• Prosecutor's Office;
• Rospotrebnadzor.

The designated authorities have the right to consider the complaint within thirty days. However, even before the end of the proceedings, the owner guarantees that the housing and communal services company will wake up and try to correct the current situation.

It is important to remember that appeal to higher authorities can be carried out not only after consideration of the claim in the primary authority. The document can be sent to both addresses in parallel.

Responsibility of housing and communal services and the Management Company for violation of temperature conditions.

According to decree number 354, organizations providing public heating services may allow breaks associated with heating residential premises, limited by the following time characteristics:

• up to a day within a month;
• at a time up to 16 hours, if the temperature is between 12°C and 18°C;
• at a time for up to 8 hours, if the temperature is between 10°C and 12°C;
• at a time for up to 4 hours if the temperature is between 8°C and 10°C.

Attention
There are cases when the heat supply does not stop, but the coolant temperature does not correspond to the standard. Thus, at night, in contrast to daytime, a deviation of the standard temperature of up to 3°C is allowed.

In case of deviation from the assumptions established by law, utilities are responsible for the quality of the services provided. Thus, the tenant of the premises, as well as their owner, has the right to demand compensation in the form of a recalculation of the payment for consumed heat.

What kind of compensation can you expect?

The legislation allows the applicant to recover the following amounts from the management company:

• 0.15% of the heating fee hourly, in excess of the standard that allows heating to be turned off in apartments;
• 0.15% of the heating fee hourly, at a time when the room temperature does not meet the standards.

As for recalculation, the tenant has the right to count on a larger amount. For example, in the winter season, the management company issues a heating bill to the owner for 2,700 rubles. It's cold in the rooms. Not wanting to overpay, the property owner called the emergency service and took measurements, based on the results of which a report was drawn up, dated December 4. However, the company did not want to resolve the situation and increase the heating of the coolant to the established standards.

Thus, it is very simple to find out the amount of compensation for December: 2700 x (0.15% x 624 hours) = 2700 x 0.936 = 2527.2 rubles. The owner will have to pay practically nothing for the month and this is fair, since he did not receive from the company the quality of services stated in the standards. Naturally, the Criminal Code and the housing and communal services authority will not return such money. That is why the next stage of the proceedings will most likely be a trial.

Arbitrage practice

Court decisions were often made in favor of the applicant. As an example, we can consider the case of a claim by a resident of the Perm region. She sued the Criminal Code for one hundred thirty-six thousand rubles.

It all started when the homeowner filed a claim on the grounds that the temperature in her apartment did not exceed 15°C during two winter periods. The rules require that it be maintained at a level not lower than 18 °C in residential premises (20 °C in corner rooms).

Representatives of the management company repeatedly carried out measurements confirming the plaintiff’s correctness. Among other things, the woman fell ill and ended up in a medical facility.

After numerous complaints, the Criminal Code did not take the necessary measures and did not recalculate, which prompted the victim to resort to the help of the court.

During the proceedings, the Criminal Code tried to prove that they did not have an agreement with the plaintiff to provide her with heat supply services. However, the city court made a decision in favor of the homeowner, since it was the company that was responsible for transferring funds to resource supply organizations, which was confirmed by the collective agreement of the owners for the management of the house and the management company, as well as an agreement with the territorial housing and communal services department.

Having studied all the materials, the court decided that the management company must recalculate the heat supplied to the citizen by 77 thousand rubles, pay 38.5 thousand rubles as a fine and 20 thousand rubles as moral damages.

In law

• The Housing Code of the Russian Federation establishes criteria for the quality of services in housing and communal services.
• Federal Law No. 190-FZ dated July 27, 2010 “On Heat Supply” regulates relations in the field of heating residential buildings.
• Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 6, 2011 No. 354 “On the provision of utility services to owners and users of residential premises in apartment buildings” in Appendix 1 lists the requirements for the quality of heat supply (permissible breaks, conditions and procedure for changing fees, air temperature standards).
• Decree of the State Construction Committee of the Russian Federation dated September 27, 2003 No. 170 “On approval of rules and standards for the technical operation of housing stock” describes the requirements for the maintenance of common property. Clause 4.10.2.1 makes it the responsibility of the management company to monitor the air temperature in residential buildings.
• SanPiN 2.1.2.2645-10 “Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for living conditions in residential buildings and premises. Rules and Standards” in Appendix 2 contains temperature indicators for rooms in the apartment.
• SNiP 02/23/2003 “Thermal protection of buildings. The updated edition" fixes the requirements for the temperature of external walls and floors.

Nuances

In terms of the provision of heat supply services, standards and timing of the heating season, you can come across acts of the subject that run counter to generally accepted norms. This largely depends on the climatic characteristics of the territory in which a person lives.

In addition, starting from 2014, regions began to stand out clearly due to differences in heat supply tariffs. Thus, the difference between receipts in one region may differ significantly from the fees charged in another region.

Comments Showing 1 of 1

• Tatyana 19:05 04/08/2021
  Thank you for a very useful and important article. At Nevsky in winter, in a corner apartment on the top floor, the temperature is +16+17 degrees and you can’t find the extreme, no one wants to draw up an act, we are freezing and paying up to 3000 rubles. When will this chaos end? Let us now be more literate - write to all authorities.

  Answer