At home, by definition, it should be warm. This can be achieved in a variety of ways. However, a prudent owner strives to do this as efficiently and economically as possible. Such options include installing a wall-mounted gas boiler. And this is quite justified, since gas heating is very profitable, and the equipment is quite simple to operate and install.
If you also started thinking about purchasing a wall-mounted heating boiler, then be sure to read our material. In it we will try to talk in as much detail as possible about the operating principles of such equipment and the types of wall-mounted devices. We will also consider all the nuances of connecting such a system.
The principle of operation of a wall-mounted gas boiler
The installation and connection of the heating device depends on its type. Therefore, you need to understand exactly how the device works and which of its varieties you will be dealing with.
Any wall-mounted gas boiler is a compact device, the maximum power of which is limited to 42 kW.
Wall-mounted gas boilers are powerful compact devices that provide the room with heat and hot water.
The main elements of the system include:
- Gas burner . It supplies gas to the chamber where the combustion process occurs. With the help of nozzles, fuel is distributed as evenly as possible. Modern modulated burners can maintain a given temperature and regulate the flame strength.
- Heat exchanger through which the coolant moves. The best efficiency is for a copper device. In condensing boilers there may be two such elements.
- Expansion tank . Designed to compensate for excess water resulting from heating.
- Circulation pump . Powerful models may have two such elements.
- Boiler automation or a system of devices whose task is to maintain a set temperature in a heated room. May include devices powered by electricity or non-volatile.
- Devices that control and regulate the operation of the boiler.
- Fan . Only used in turbocharged models.
- Security system . Stops the boiler operation when dangerous situations occur.
Modern models are additionally equipped with self-diagnosis systems that can detect about 90% of boiler faults. The display shows the number of the diagnosed breakdown, which is promptly corrected by a service technician.
The figure shows a diagram of a double-circuit wall-mounted gas boiler with a closed combustion chamber
Equipment installation rules
Strictly follow all the rules and regulations of SNiP “Gas Distribution Systems” without deviating from them.
Any attempt to improvise or change classical technology may be noticed by inspectors.
And if this causes an accident or losses to other residents of the house, the owner faces administrative, and, in some cases, criminal penalties.
- If the boiler is wall-mounted, the floor under it must be perfectly level, since the pump pumping water can cause vibration and displacement of the boiler. If the vibration is strong, the gas pipes or water supply system may become disconnected from the boiler, leading to a gas leak or flood.
- If it is possible to make a stand for the boiler, this will secure the structure and increase the adhesion strength to the floor.
- If you install the boiler near a stove, boiler or other heating elements, then the total power of the thermal field between them will be higher than what the sensors show, since they measure this only inside the system itself. This rule is not specified in SNiP, but is often the cause of premature wear of the mechanism or failure.
Types of wall devices
According to their functional purpose, gas heating units are divided into two groups:
- Single-circuit. Intended for heating only. They are connected to the heating circuit and heat the coolant. The organization of hot water supply in this case is carried out by installing an electric or gas water heater of any type.
- Dual-circuit. They heat the room and provide hot water. An additional circuit for heating water is built into the boiler. The technological feature of the device is that it is impossible to simultaneously heat water and heat the room.
The priority action of dual-circuit units is to heat the water; heating operation stops at this time. Considering that water can be heated quickly, the boiler heats the building quite effectively.
If the tasks of the gas unit are planned to include both heating the coolant and supplying hot water, then it is better to purchase a double-circuit boiler. They come with one or two heat exchangers. When equipped with two, two circuits can be served simultaneously
According to the method of fuel combustion, all devices are divided into the following two groups.
Group #1 - devices with an open combustion chamber
Such devices are also called natural draft heating devices. They take the oxygen necessary for combustion from the room in which the device is located.
To remove combustion products, they need a traditional type chimney. Thus, a mandatory requirement for installing such a boiler is the provision of good ventilation.
If the heating device is installed in a residential area, it must be equipped with high-performance supply ventilation.
The best option for installing a heating device with an open firebox is the presence of a separate room, the so-called firebox, where it is placed.
Systems with natural ventilation are quite popular due to their low cost and energy independence.
The figure schematically shows boilers with open and closed type burners
Group #2 - devices with a closed combustion chamber
Turbocharged devices are equipped with a closed combustion chamber. They take the air, without which the combustion process is impossible, from the street. For this purpose, the devices are equipped with coaxial type chimneys.
Such a chimney is made in the form of a structure of two pipes, one of which is nested inside the other. The combustion products are discharged outside through the inner pipe.
At the same time, street air flows in the opposite direction through the gap between the two pipes. It is clear that boilers with a closed firebox do not in any way affect the composition of the indoor air, which makes it possible to install them even in living rooms.
In this case, it is necessary to equip a coaxial chimney system, which is higher cost and more complex installation compared to a separate traditional chimney.
Is it possible to install it yourself?
You can install a wall-mounted gas boiler with the simplest modifications with your own hands. Such, for example, as single-circuit devices with an open combustion chamber.
To install them, you will need to connect the heating system, supply gas and organize a chimney. However, some boiler manufacturers indicate in the technical documentation for their products that installation should only be carried out by specialists.
Installing and connecting a gas boiler is a responsible and quite complicated job. Many heating equipment manufacturers require that this be done by professionals.
In this case, independent installation of even the simplest models is prohibited. Thus, if you plan to install the equipment yourself, you should make sure that the manufacturer allows this before purchasing it.
Checking the correct installation and connecting the device to the gas main should only be carried out by a specialist with special permission.
In addition, the gas service representative must issue a permit to operate the installed equipment. Without this, the owner of a self-installed and running device will face serious fines.
Thus, without inviting specialists, you can only connect the device to the heating system and to the water supply. Moreover, it is advisable to do this only if you have some experience.
Wall-mounted gas boilers are installed in autonomous forced-type heating circuits with natural coolant circulation
We will equip a suitable room for the boiler
A gas boiler is the main element of the heating system. To install it, you will need to properly equip the room. It must comply with a number of strict requirements, violation of which entails significant penalties and provokes accidents with the most severe consequences. Gas is an explosive and flammable substance. You need to be extremely careful with him.
The room in which gas equipment is installed must meet a number of requirements. The main characteristics of the boiler room are presented in the form of a diagram
When choosing a place to install a heating gas boiler, you need to take into account the following requirements for the room:
- a channel must be equipped in one of the walls to remove combustion products;
- mandatory presence of natural light. The minimum window area is calculated by the formula: per cubic meter of room volume - 0.03 sq. meters of window surface;
- ceiling height at least 2.5 m;
- layout providing unobstructed access to the boiler and auxiliary equipment;
- the presence of a ventilation grill located in the lower half of the wall or door. The area of the structure is calculated based on the ratio of 8 square meters. cm grates for every 1 kW of boiler;
- volume – minimum 15 sq. m;
- fire resistance of wall structures – at least 0.75 hours;
- the presence of a gas analyzer and an automatic valve that responds to its signals, which will shut off the fuel supply in the event of a gas leak;
- a well-organized chimney, the cross-section of which must correspond to the power of the equipment;
- The door width should not be less than 80 cm.
It must be remembered that the installation of gas boilers with a power of less than 60 kW is permitted in any room except those intended for residential use. It is also not recommended to install gas equipment in a bathroom or toilet. Double-circuit appliances are prohibited from being installed in kitchens. If the total power of the equipment is not higher than 150 kW, it can be installed on any floor of the building. Devices of higher power can only be located on the ground floor or in the basement.
Many people prefer to place gas equipment in the kitchen. In this case, the standards regulating the installation of gas boilers require calculating the required minimum area based on the fact that there is at least 0.2 m2 of space per 1 kW of power. If the kitchen is combined with the living room, it becomes mandatory to have a gas analyzer that can detect a possible gas leak in time.
If the boiler power allows, gas equipment is often installed in the kitchen, even if it is a shared room with the living room. In this case, the presence of a gas analyzer becomes a mandatory precaution.
Boiler room requirements
Gas equipment belongs to the category of explosion and fire hazards. Therefore, special requirements are imposed on the room in which it will be installed.
First of all, it must have natural light. In this case, for each cubic meter of room there should be at least 0.03 square meters. m of window opening without frame, that is, only glazing. The window must be equipped with a window.
The wall on which the gas boiler is installed must be finished with non-combustible materials
Another prerequisite is the presence of supply ventilation, which can ensure a change in the air volume of the room within 3 times in one hour. In this way, gas pollution in the room can be minimized.
In addition, the volume of the room in which it will be installed depends on the power of the selected boiler. Equipment with a power of 30 kW and below can be placed in 7.5 cubic meters. m boiler room.
Image gallery
Photo from
Wall-mounted gas unit in the kitchen
Separate room for the location of the unit
Wall-mounted gas boiler in the bathroom
Correctly installed unit
For heating devices whose power varies from 30 to 60 kW, you will need a combustion chamber with a volume of 13.5 cubic meters. m and above. If the heating device is to be placed in an apartment, it is usually installed in the kitchen.
This is possible if all the requirements of SNiPs are met. An important nuance: in this case, the total thermal power from all heating devices in the kitchen should not exceed 150 kW.
According to the standards for installing wall-mounted gas boilers, to improve air exchange in the kitchen door, it is necessary to make a hole with an area of at least 0.02 square meters and cover it with a grill.
Experts recommend for installation in an apartment building only equipment with a closed firebox, equipped with a coaxial chimney. In kitchens with a volume of 7.5 cubic meters. m or less, it is prohibited to install more than one heating device.
Requirements for the installation of gas heating equipment are regulated by SP-41-104-2000 and SNiP 42-01-2002. Compliance with installation standards guarantees safe operation
In private houses, it is recommended to allocate a room for gas boilers, separated from the living rooms by fire-resistant, durable partitions.
It is optimal that the materials used to decorate the room have a fire resistance time limit of at least 45 minutes. It is desirable that the layout of the premises prevents the rapid spread of flames to living rooms.
The gas boiler can only be secured to a solid base. Partitions made of plywood or plasterboard are not suitable for these purposes. The wall on which the heating device will be placed must be finished with fire-resistant materials.
If this is not the case, a non-combustible substrate is installed under the boiler. The minimum distance from the device to supporting structures is 0.5 m to the ceiling or walls and 0.8 m to the floor.
The photo shows one of the options for connecting a wall-mounted gas boiler
Special requirements
Modern gas floor-standing boilers meet all safety requirements and comply with regulations. In some cases, it is practiced to use combined devices in which, when the gas supply is turned off, the system automatically closes the valve and starts it from the electrical network. See all the pros and cons of installing a double-circuit boiler in this video:
The simplest models are not equipped with automation, so you need to switch them yourself. Therefore, it is recommended to periodically check its performance in case of possible outages.
Entrust boiler installation to specialists
Gas is considered a source of increased danger, therefore, to connect a gas boiler in a private house, it is necessary to invite a specialist licensed to carry out this activity.
When building a private house, the issue of planning should be taken very seriously. The fact is that the installation of a gas floor-standing boiler is allowed only if all conditions are met. They are regulated by the requirements specified in SNiP and fire safety regulations. Any non-compliance or deviation from them will lead to the fact that in the best case, during periodic inspection, the owner will receive an administrative fine, and in the worst case, it will end in an explosion or fire.
These requirements do not apply to electric boilers; they can be installed anywhere. But to achieve a violation of the aesthetics of the room, it is recommended to use a special room for these purposes.
Step-by-step installation of equipment
Before installation, you need to unpack the new boiler and check the completeness of the delivery. The availability of parts is checked according to the operating instructions, which must be included with the device.
If any item is missing, please contact the supplier immediately. One more nuance. The boiler must have an ideal appearance without dents, chips or signs of repairs. If this is not the case, you need to call the sellers.
It is important to make sure that the technical data specified in the technical data sheet of the heating device exactly matches those printed on the device itself. In addition, they must correspond to the numbers specified in the operating instructions for the device.
Immediately before starting installation, you need to flush the boiler pipes, which may contain various debris that got inside during the manufacture of the device and its transportation.
Installing a gas boiler involves connecting heating pipes, water supply and gas mains, as well as installing a chimney
It is also advisable to flush the heating system lines. After the preparation is completed, you can begin installation.
The specifics and procedure for its implementation are determined by the characteristics of the equipment: the number of circuits involved and the type of combustion chamber.
Most often, double-circuit appliances with a closed firebox are installed in houses. Let's take a closer look at the installation of just such a modification.
Stage #1 - preparing the wall mount
To secure gas boilers, a special bracket is used, which should be included in the delivery of the device. Reliable fasteners are used for mounting it on the wall. They should be selected according to the material from which the wall is made.
It is quite possible that those that the manufacturer packaged with the heating device will not be suitable. Then you will need to choose and purchase others.
The purpose of the bracket is to support the weight of the boiler and additional equipment, as well as to provide it with an even, clearly aligned position without distortion.
To accurately mark the wall, you can use a paper stencil, which usually comes with the boiler. With its help, you can easily mark holes for fasteners.
Once this is done, the bracket is secured in place and the boiler is hung onto it.
Heating pipes are connected to the corresponding pipes of the gas equipment. You can determine their location from a photograph.
Stage #2 - connecting the heating system pipes
Depending on the type of heating system, and it can be single-pipe or two-pipe, the number of pipes connected to the boiler may vary. In any case, we start by removing the plugs from the device’s pipes.
To protect the boiler from the ingress of dirt particles from the heating line, it is recommended to install a mesh filter at the return inlet.
If the water in the system is hard or in other respects does not meet the requirements stated by the heating device manufacturer, you should take care of installing additional treatment equipment.
These could be, for example, polyphosphate dispensers. If this is not done, the device will quickly break down. All connections must be made in compliance with all rules and regulations.
Sealing is required. For this purpose, special sealants are used: traditional paint or tow, or modern thread sealants. In addition, experts recommend the mandatory installation of shut-off valves for supply and return.
This is necessary to facilitate repair of the boiler if it fails. In addition, the fittings will help prevent possible airing of the radiators.
A water filter is an element that must be installed when connecting a gas boiler to a water circuit
Stage #3 - connection to the water circuit
This work is almost the same as connecting heating pipes. The main difference is the taps used and the diameter of the pipes.
The cold water supply must be equipped with a filter, which will eliminate the possibility of contaminant particles entering the heating device. Otherwise the equipment will be damaged.
The taps used to isolate the boiler from the water supply must have detachable connections.
Such models are also called “American”. They significantly simplify installation, and in case of unforeseen situations, they make it possible to quickly replace a worn-out faucet.
It must be remembered that the pipes supplying cold water are located on the heating device on the left side relative to the center, and those supplying hot water are located on the right.
Stage #4 - connection to the gas main
This part of the work should only be carried out by a qualified specialist, since the cost of an error can be very high. In any case, upon completion of the connection, its correctness must be checked by a representative of the gas service. He will also conduct the first start-up of the equipment.
All operations when carrying out work independently must be performed with the utmost care. They start by connecting the branch of the gas main with the corresponding pipe on the boiler.
When connecting the boiler to the gas main, you can only use tow to seal the threaded connection, otherwise it will not be possible to achieve the required tightness
A special filter must be installed on the tap that cuts off the gas supply from the main line. Experts strongly recommend not to skimp on this detail.
A cheap, low-quality filter will not work for long, which can cause the gas boiler to fail. When arranging a connection, special attention should be paid to its sealing.
You must understand that the weight of gas is much less than air, and if the connection is not tight enough, it will leak out of the pipeline. The consequences can be the most dire. Therefore, careful sealing is mandatory.
The main materials for sealing a threaded connection are paint and tow; the use of sealants such as fum tape is unacceptable.
A special flexible connection is installed after the filtration element. You need to know that using rubber hoses for its installation is strictly prohibited.
This is due to the fact that over time, the material from which the part is made dries out and becomes covered with cracks through which gas begins to leak. Therefore, the best choice for arranging such a connection is a corrugated hose.
A corrugated hose is a good choice for connecting the device to the gas main. It is quite strong, durable and does not collapse under the influence of gas
For its manufacture, high-quality durable stainless steel is used. This is a very strong and durable material, particularly resistant to high humidity and the adverse effects of gas.
The hose is secured to the heating device pipe using a union nut. In this case, a paranitic gasket must be used, which provides the necessary sealing of the connection.
Stage #5 - connecting to the electrical network
This operation is only necessary for appliances with a closed firebox that require electricity. It powers the fan that removes combustion products and the automation that controls the system.
Typically a standard three-wire connection diagram is used. Experts recommend connecting the boiler to the network only through a stabilizer, which will make it possible to avoid power surges and thereby extend the life of the boiler.
If you live in an area where there are frequent power outages, then it is additionally advisable to purchase an uninterruptible power supply - this will protect your equipment from sudden power surges
Stage #6 - arrangement of the chimney outlet
The easiest way is to connect a heating device with a closed firebox to the chimney. For them, special coaxial pipes are used. In apartment buildings, the boiler must be connected to the collective chimney.
In individual buildings, a coaxial type chimney is led out to the street through a wall. The height of the pipe suspension in this case is not particularly important, since the necessary draft is created by the built-in fan.
Appliances with an open firebox must be connected to an individual chimney. The boiler is connected to it by a pipe of the required cross-section.
The material for its manufacture is selected so that the part is resistant to combustion products, high temperature and mechanical wear.
You can check the tightness of the gas pipe connections using a soap solution. A gas leak will manifest itself as bubbles
Before starting work, you need to make sure that there are no soot residues, installation debris, etc. in the chimney. When installing a chimney pipe, it should be positioned with a slight slope towards the gas boiler.
A vertical section of pipe is installed at the outlet of the device; its length before turning must be equal to at least two pipe diameters. The total length of the connection section to the chimney should be minimal.
Stage #7 - preparation for the first launch
Before the test run, the heating system is filled with water. The liquid is pumped until a pressure of 2 atmospheres is reached. Pumping water is carried out as slowly as possible in order to remove the maximum amount of air collected inside.
In addition, the system is checked for leaks. All leaking connections must be sealed immediately.
To identify insufficiently tight connections on the gas main, you need to dilute a soap solution and lubricate all connections with it. Then watch.
Air bubbles will appear in poor quality areas. Any faults found should be corrected and re-checked. The first start-up of the equipment should be carried out only in the presence of a gas service representative.
Recommendations and special conditions
A separate room must be allocated for the boiler room in which gas equipment will be located, namely the heating boiler. It must have good ventilation. In addition, you will need to install an exhaust system designed to remove combustion products outside the house. Such conditions are necessary to ensure the safety of using gas equipment by preventing the accumulation of combustion products and gas in the air.
Before installing the boiler, it is necessary to determine its power and coordinate this issue with the regulatory authorities. In some cases, design work will be required. In small houses, it is permissible to install low-power wall-mounted boilers in common areas. For large houses, you will only need a separate room for arranging the boiler room. will install a gas boiler of any power according to all the rules. Work is carried out with units from the following well-known companies:
- "Baxi - Italy"
- "Bosch - Germany"
- "Buderus - Germany"
- "Vaillant -Germany"
- Ferroli - Italy
- "Ariston - Italy"
- "Viessmann - Germany"
- "Protherm - Slovakia"
- "De Dietrich - France"
- "Wolf - Germany"
- "ACV - Belgium"
- "AOGV - Zhukovsky"
- "AOGV - Borinsky"
- "Siberia - Rostov-on-Don"
- "Lemax - Taganrog"
Also, quick installation groups - “Meibes Lovato” (made in Germany) and panel radiators “Kermi” (made in Germany) can be used in the work. For the most rational distribution of heating, our experts recommend installing specialized sensors, which allows full control of the entire heating system from the boiler room.
