A bathhouse with a bathroom is both a modern requirement for comfort, and in some cases an urgent need. Of course, equipping a toilet in a bathhouse creates a lot of additional problems related to the disposal of sewage, increasing sanitary standards, and most importantly, allocating space in a small building where the dimensions of all rooms are limited. When planning the construction of a bathhouse, you should correctly assess the need for a bathroom in it and the type of such establishment.
A bathroom in a bathhouse is a convenient option for a bathhouse or sauna separate from the house
Why problems arise
First of all, you need to decide whether a bathroom is needed in the bathhouse. Maybe it’s easier to run to an existing toilet if necessary? This issue must be resolved taking into account all the features of the bathhouse itself and its comfort.
If a stationary toilet is located very close to the bathhouse or it is used quite rarely, then it is not advisable to place the bathroom inside. The same can be said if there is a very small bathhouse in which there is no rest room.
In most cases, the need for a toilet inside a bathhouse is quite urgent. As a rule, private areas are fenced off with an openwork or mesh fence, which does not allow you to run to the toilet undressed, and getting dressed and undressing spoils the entire bathing procedure. If the bathhouse is used in the cold season, then it is generally difficult to do without a warm internal toilet, especially during a leisurely process with relaxation in the relaxation room. The relevance of such an institution is dictated by the presence of children. They definitely shouldn’t be allowed out into the street when they’re hot. Finally, the design of a bathhouse with a bathroom is about providing comfort and increasing prestige, when you are not ashamed to invite friends to take a steam bath in the bathhouse.
The bathroom is more suitable for a large bath or sauna with a relaxation room
What is the problem with placing a toilet in a bathhouse? The following circumstances can be highlighted:
- The need for a completely isolated area. Even taking into account the small dimensions of the bathroom, it is quite difficult to find additional space in a small bathhouse.
- Increased requirements for sewerage discharge. While wastewater from a bathhouse can be discharged into the soil through drainage wells, this cannot be done with toilet sewage. Feces must not be collected in pits or transported through chutes. They should be immediately collected in storage tanks or discharged outside through pipes. In this case, hydraulic locks are required that can eliminate odor.
- Ventilation. The role of ventilation is increasing, and in the bathroom it should have a forced exhaust character.
- Isolation. Water vapor should not penetrate into the toilet, which will condense on the structural elements. In addition, increased air temperature is also undesirable, because This all stimulates the spread of odors.
It is necessary to carefully consider the sewerage and drainage system in the bathhouse
Bathhouse made of logs “in the paw”
The log house should be ordered from craftsmen who carry out such projects on an ongoing basis, both for bathhouses and for private houses. With a project measuring 3x4 or larger, you will meet the specified amount only if you build the foundation yourself. In addition, you will also have to carry out the stove and interior decoration at your own expense. In order to invest in a budget of up to 100 thousand rubles, you need to order a log house of a small area with dimensions of 3x3 - the minimum available on the market.
The absence of technologically complex processes and the low cost of materials make it possible to build a bathhouse according to a 3x3 project with significant cost savings. You can often find prices from 30 to 50 thousand for a 3x3 bathhouse. Usually this is the cost of only the log house, without the foundation, roofing, insulation and other necessary components of a turnkey bathhouse. In any case, before ordering, check whether the price quoted by the company includes all the necessary work.
The structure is most often made from logs with a diameter of 160-180 mm. They are connected to each other using the traditional “claw” method. This technology involves fastening logs to each other due to special preparation of the ends of each log. At the same time, they seem to be self-fastening and there is no need for additional fastening elements.
The main disadvantage of a claw log house is that if it is not done skillfully, cracks appear in the corners of the structure. This subsequently leads to large heat losses; this design will be less strong and durable. Therefore, before ordering construction, find out reviews about the contractor with whom you plan to deal.
Possible designs
In principle, a toilet in a bathhouse can be of 2 types: mobile (portable) and stationary. If the bathroom is organized in an existing structure, then the first option is more suitable. In a small bathhouse built long ago, all the rooms are clearly laid out according to the required area, where there is no isolated “nook” for the toilet. In this case, lightweight standard partitions are installed and a local container is provided for collecting waste.
For an already built bathhouse without a bathroom, you can use a portable dry toilet, separating it with a partition
A permanent bathroom is included in the construction plan already at the design stage. It has its own permanent walls and door. The sewer drain is formed in advance and ensures the operation of the establishment. The option of an attached stationary toilet is possible, when it is built in close proximity to the bathhouse foundation, and the entrance to it is organized from the bathhouse room.
A stationary toilet must be installed at the bathhouse design stage
Mobile structures include mobile cabins and dry closets. Mobile cabins are made in the form of light partitions, and disposable containers are installed to collect sewage, which are emptied after the bath procedure. One of the common options is a powder closet, or dry toilet. In it, the container is filled with sawdust or peat, which absorb sewage. To clean it outside the bathhouse, a sealed, storage septic tank is built, periodically cleaned by vacuum cleaners. This design does not have a sewer drain, but ventilation must be equipped. For this purpose, a ventilation duct with an exhaust fan is installed. Mobile booths are installed in the dressing room or rest room.
The dry toilet is filled with peat or sawdust
A more expensive, but reliable, modern version of a mobile bathroom is a dry closet. It is a mobile, ready-made stall with a toilet. There is no need to connect sewerage to it, because... Sewage is collected using a two-section container. Sections are arranged vertically. The upper compartment, connected to the toilet and water tank, is equipped with a pump that flushes feces into the lower section.
Design of a dry closet
The lower part with a volume of 10-25 liters is designed to accumulate runoff. This storage tank is equipped with a valve and a pipe for cleaning the container. A chemical-type dry closet uses special reagents that break down solid components and eliminate odors. High-quality dry closets are equipped with tank full indicators. Regardless of the speed of filling the container, the effect of chemical reagents lasts for 12-14 days, after which you will have to clean the container and introduce a new portion of the reagent.
Special reagents are used to care for dry toilets.
The electric dry closet is considered the most effective. It costs more, but does not require the use of chemicals, and the filling cycle lasts much longer. In this design, the lower section is divided into 2 compartments - storage units for the liquid and solid fractions, and drying is carried out in the compartment for collecting solid waste. The liquid fraction, significantly diluted with water, can be sent to the drainage system of the bathhouse.
Electric dry closet diagram
What does the cost of building a bathhouse consist of?
Let's say you are an absolutely normal person who wants to order a bathhouse from A to Z. So that after the team leaves, you can immediately light the stove, heat the water and start enjoying yourself.
The layout is as follows:
- Foundation. For example, a 6x6 pile-screw bathhouse will cost about 30 thousand rubles. For a transportable bathhouse - about 20 thousand.
- A closed circuit (the same notorious “turnkey”) with a roof, windows and doors. By the way, here carefully read the information on insulation, the presence of swarms - is this included in the price of the package offered by the developer - from 100 thousand rubles (depending on the size).
- Finishing and installation of equipment. Paint the outside, install the stove, cover it with bricks if necessary (for example, if the firebox is remote), run a pipe into the roof, make a drain, install shower equipment (boiler, pump, mixer, water tank), put down drains, put up furniture, shelves, make electrical wiring, hang lamps. Approximately 50-70 thousand rubles.
- Delivery. Everyone here has their own value. It is clear that the further your site is from civilization, the more expensive transportation will be. Range from 3 to 70 thousand rubles.
Features of stationary structures
A stationary bathroom in a bathhouse can be in the form of a separate isolated room inside the building or a small extension on the outside. This toilet is equipped with permanent sewerage and ventilation.
An attached bathroom can be built simultaneously with the construction of the bathhouse itself. In this case, its foundation becomes a continuation of the bathhouse base, and the entrance is organized from inside the building. If the toilet is attached to an existing facility, then it is built directly next to the foundation of the bathhouse. There are several options for logging in:
- from the inside, when a door is cut through the wall;
- in the vestibule: in order to connect the toilet and the bathhouse, a vestibule (canopy) is also built;
- from the street: the entrance to the toilet is located on the street, but in close proximity to the bathhouse entrance.
Bathhouse plan with indoor toilet
Project of a bathhouse with a toilet in the vestibule
Project of a block with a toilet attached to the bathhouse
The combination of a bathhouse and a bathroom (photo 1 clearly illustrates it) with its internal placement is included in the construction design. There are many standard projects that allow you to implement such an idea with the optimal location of all departments. The fact is that the toilet is a rather specific room, and it should not disturb the comfort of vacationers.
For a toilet in a bathhouse, a stationary sewerage system is required.
It can have several options:
- A separate storage septic tank outside the bathhouse, into which sewage flows through a pipe by gravity. As a rule, it is located near the bath wall, but is isolated and does not emit odors.
- General sewer system. The toilet drain is combined with the bath drain from the steam room and washing compartment if a complete local sewage system with several septic tanks is equipped.
- Cesspool. This option is only suitable for an attached bathroom.
To remove sewage from the bathhouse, you can build a septic tank or cesspool.
Another important requirement for a stationary indoor toilet is the presence of water for flushing in the toilet. The flushing system can be organized in the following ways: central water supply; own water supply from a well or borehole; storage capacity.
A stationary toilet must have a flush system
Toilet flush options
Stationary toilets in the bathhouse
We recommend building them; by absolutely all indicators, this solution to the problem can be considered the most optimal. True, you need to think about a stationary toilet while creating a bathhouse project, provide a separate room, install a water supply and solve the problem with a feces storage tank or septic tank.
Correct installation of a septic tank
What should you pay attention to when choosing the location of the toilet in the bathhouse?
- The location of the cesspool must comply with the requirements of sanitary authorities. Modern sealed septic tanks can be positioned arbitrarily.
- All sewer drain pipes must have a slope of less than one centimeter per linear meter. If there are many turns, then it is necessary to make inspection hatches.
Stationary toilet in the bathhouse
Stages of toilet construction
Baths can stand on pile, columnar or strip foundations. The first two types of foundations greatly simplify the removal of sewage from the toilet; a hole must be made in the strip foundation. It is almost impossible to calculate the exit location of the pipe before starting installation work; do not try to immediately leave a hole for the pipe while pouring the strip foundation. Don’t waste your time; it’s much easier to make a hole exactly where the pipe exits after pouring. How to make a stationary toilet?
Step 1: Plan the location and technical equipment. Calculate the required number of pipes, additional elements, fittings, shut-off valves, etc. Draw a preliminary sketch, check your plan again with nature. Purchase all materials and equipment.
Sewage scheme
Practical advice. When purchasing equipment, try to ensure that all elements are made by the same manufacturer. This will completely eliminate the possibility of inconsistencies in standards.
Plastic sewer pipes
Step 2. Construction work can begin with the installation of a storage tank or septic tank, or vice versa, with internal installation work. Which option to choose depends on the weather and your preferences. Keep in mind that interior work can be done in any weather conditions, but installing a septic tank and laying main sewer pipes requires good weather.
Step 3. Bury the septic tank or storage tank in the ground. There is no need to bury them to the freezing depth, do not listen to such advice. Water in sewer pipes will never freeze for one simple reason - it is not there, it always drains completely. The main condition is compliance with the slope angle of the pipes.
Prices for different types of septic tanks
septic tank
Video - Installing a septic tank “Tank 1” in the ground
Video - Installing a Unilos septic tank
Video - Installing a septic tank with high groundwater
Step 4. Mark the route. How is this done taking into account the angle of inclination? Near the septic tank and near the entrance of the pipe to the bathhouse, drive two pegs, using a hydraulic level, make zero marks on them. It makes no difference at what height the zero marks are; in the future we will only take into account the difference in height between them.
If, for example, the length of the route is 5 m, then the height distance between the entrance and exit should be at least 5 cm. Measure the depth of the trench at the beginning of the pipeline and at the junction with the septic tank from the marks on the pegs previously set by the hydraulic level. For sewerage, you need to take plastic pipes with a diameter of at least 100 mm.
Digging a trench
The minimum slope of the sewer depends on the diameter of the pipeline
Dig a trench and place pipes in it. If the trench has turns, then use fittings. For rocky and heavy soils, it is necessary to make a sand cushion at least 10 cm thick at the bottom of the trench; the sewer pipe is also covered with a layer of sand on top, and only then with earth. Standard plastic sewer pipes have thin walls and cannot withstand mechanical stress. If the pipe only cracks, there is no problem, but when it completely loses its integrity, the sewerage system will stop working.
Pipe laying
Practical advice. The open section of sewer pipe from the bathhouse to the trench must be vertical. This will make the stack as fast as possible and completely eliminate the possibility of freezing in winter.
Sewer pipes
If all the sewer pipes in the toilet are installed, you can continue building the log house and laying the floors.
Pipe entry under the floor
Further work on the installation of plumbing equipment is carried out after completion of construction and interior finishing work. There is a desire to make the floor in the toilet ceramic, but we consider this a waste of time. Besides, why do you need a cold floor in a warm toilet?
Ceramic tiles on the floor
Toilet installation
For people who have never dealt with plumbing, this operation can be difficult. To help beginners, we provide detailed instructions.
How to choose a toilet outlet
Schematic representation of the toilet design with two options for the location of the sewer outlet
Practical advice. It is advisable to adapt the terminals in the toilet room to the structural type of toilet. If you are afraid of problems or errors when taking dimensions, then purchase flexible corrugated pipes. They are inserted into the toilet and sewer pipe at any angle, the connections are sealed with rubber membranes. They work great, are easy to install, and come in handy in many cases. We highly recommend using them, especially for novice plumbers.
Corrugation for toilet
Step 1. Place the toilet in the intended place, mark on the floor the location of the holes on the base for fixing the equipment. In these places you need to drill for fastening hardware.
Marking
Important. Approach the markings very responsibly. An error of a few millimeters will make fixation impossible. Drilling new holes nearby is also problematic; their edges will crack due to their proximity to the old ones. You'll have to shift the holes at least one centimeter, that's a lot. Of course, the toilet will also move.
Step 2 . Drill holes for screws or dowels (depending on the floor material), install the toilet along the marked lines and fix it. If your toilet is not gold, but ceramic, then do not overdo it with the force of tightening the dowels, ceramics will quickly crack. Responsible manufacturers complete their products with special fasteners with polyethylene washers, but they cannot prevent cracking in all cases.
Toilet installation steps
Tank installation
Step 3. Install the flush tank on the toilet and connect it to the water supply. There are a lot of options for connecting waste tanks; follow the manufacturer's instructions.
Now all that remains is to connect the tank to the water supply using a hose
Video - Installing a toilet
Very important. When a self-made sump or cesspool is filled with drain water, the toilet often stops functioning after a few weeks - the water drains very slowly. If you have such a problem, then an error was made during the installation of the sewer system. Namely, the inlet end of the pipe is laid very close to the bottom, the container quickly filled above the level of the pipe inlet and the liquid closed the sewer hole. This is not a big disaster; there is no need to redo the sump tank.
Drill a hole in the highest point of the sewer, air will escape through it from the air lock and the toilet will flush again. It is most convenient to make a hole in the elbow of the pipe entrance to the bathhouse. You can insert a ventilation tube into the hole, but we do not recommend drawing too much attention to your mistake - the tube will always be conspicuous, and no one will notice a small hole in the knee. If you don’t like the look of a vertical sewer pipe near the wall of the bathhouse, make a small decorative box for it and close it. For peace of mind, you can fill the box with any thermal insulation material, from expensive mineral wool to cheap sawdust or straw.
Graphic diagram of sewer ventilation
Reset organization
Without solving the issue of collecting and disposing of sewage, it is impossible to create a bathroom in a bathhouse. The most reliable and safest in terms of sanitary standards is the construction of stationary septic tanks outside the bathhouse area. They are sealed wells of the required capacity, in which the discharged mass is accumulated and subsequently pumped out by sewer trucks.
In the toilet itself, a standard connection of the toilet bowl to the sewer pipe is provided using standard elements. Next, the pipe is laid in a trench with a slope to ensure gravity flow of liquid (at least 2 mm per meter of length). The depth of its installation must exceed the depth of winter freezing of the soil.
The sewer pipe is connected to a sealed storage tank. A septic tank, as a rule, is made of reinforced concrete well rings with a diameter of 0.9-1.2 m with reliable waterproofing of the joints on the outside. The bottom of the well is filled with concrete 20-30 cm thick and reinforced with steel rods. The top of the septic tank is covered with a concrete slab with a hole for a hatch.
Sewerage diagram for a toilet in a bathhouse with a septic tank and ventilation
When constructing an attached toilet, a cesspool is often used for drainage. The main requirement for it is the tightness of the bottom and walls. It can be made by pouring concrete, from sand-lime brick followed by plaster, in the form of a metal or plastic container. The construction of an attached bathroom begins with digging this hole and arranging it. The advantage of this method is that there is no need to lay sewer pipes.
When planning storage tanks of any design, it should be remembered that feces tend to decompose, releasing substances harmful to the human body.
To eliminate the risk of poisoning, it is necessary to provide a ventilation duct for the outflow of gases from the storage tanks, and the outlet should be raised above the roof of the bathhouse.
Features of the arrangement
The toilet must be protected from the penetration of steam and moisture. Waterproofing a bathroom in a bathhouse is an important condition for its arrangement. During construction, the walls of this room must be covered with a layer of moisture-proof material, which, as a rule, is roofing felt or thick polyethylene film. In addition, it is necessary to provide a vapor barrier, for which a layer of polymer film with foil is laid. In attached toilets, there is also a need for thermal insulation. It is made of mineral wool, polystyrene foam and other materials. A corner bathhouse with a bathroom also requires increased attention, where the likelihood of exposure to moisture from the outside should also be taken into account.
The bath floor must be waterproofed
The most important requirement is the organization of reliable exhaust ventilation. In addition to ventilating storage tanks, it is necessary to remove contaminated air from the bathroom itself. The ventilation riser is installed with access to the bathhouse roof at a height of at least 60 cm above it. The riser should not be located in close proximity to the chimney.
In the bathroom for a bath, it is necessary to provide ventilation so that the smell quickly goes away and fungus and mold do not form
The interior decoration of a bathroom in a bathhouse is no different from the arrangement of toilets in an apartment. Ceramic tiles are recognized as the most common facing material. If there is a bathhouse made of timber with a bathroom, then the interior decoration is most often carried out with clapboard, not forgetting about the formation of ventilation gaps.
To preserve the feeling of a natural hut, you can decorate the bathroom in the bathhouse with clapboard
Bathroom with ceramic tiles is easy to clean
Russian traditions and European quality
About the company ECO-SAUNA
The construction company ECO-SAUNA is engaged in the production of mobile barrel baths, country garden houses, Finnish saunas , grill houses, turnkey Viking baths Our mission is to develop and implement beautiful, convenient solutions for a happy and cozy life, comfortable and useful rest. We offer an impressive range of turnkey finished products and exclusive designer projects.
The geography of ECO-SAUNA activities covers Moscow and the Moscow region. Working in the capital's market since 2000, the company has accumulated vast experience in the field of trendy eco-construction and formed a base of leading Russian wood suppliers. All this allows us to provide expert quality services at an affordable price and with long-term official guarantees.
It doesn’t matter what you want to order - a Finnish sauna, a Viking sauna, a garden house, a turnkey barrel sauna or an entire architectural complex. By contacting us, you will receive a 100% environmentally friendly and best-in-class solution. We offer mutually beneficial cooperation to private customers, medical and beauty salons, SPA and fitness centers, holiday homes and sanatoriums, hotels and other organizations. With us you can earn money not only during the season, but all year round.
Almost 20 years ago, ECO-SAUNA first introduced to the Moscow market unique mobile barrel baths and Viking baths, which have no corners and do not require the installation of a foundation. Currently, the company is deservedly considered one of the TOP manufacturers in this segment. The product range also includes Finnish saunas for apartments, salons, hotels, inexpensive turnkey garden houses
Products are manufactured in accordance with the unique traditions of Russian architecture and the use of advanced European technologies. For production, exclusively hardwood species of natural selected solid wood are used - larch, aspen, linden, pine, spruce, abash, thermo abash and other types of wood that have a beneficial effect on the body.
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- Healing traditions. Turnkey multilayer thick barrel saunas luxury Finnish saunas and economy class garden houses made of natural wood;
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ECO-SAUNA – with love and care for your health
Dear customers! Before submitting an application on the website, please familiarize yourself with the catalogs of ready-made Finnish saunas, garden houses, Viking baths and barrels, as well as the options for possible configurations and finishing. Always prefer personalized solutions? Contact us in any convenient way and order a free author's project.
ECO-SAUNA is not just a well-known brand, each product of which is created with love and care for the health and comfort of customers. These are economical and premium product lines for every taste, European quality, environmental friendliness, durability and reasonable prices.
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